Agatbe Thymoty Sihombing

01/Research

Research reports

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Latest report

AADI/Mining/August 2026 · 22p

The Coal Paradox: Demand, Supply, and the New Economics of Indonesian Thermal Coal

Why Indonesian thermal coal prices are surging even as coal's share of global power generation keeps falling, with a case study on PT Adaro Andalan Indonesia (AADI).

  1. 01Electricity consumption rose across all six regions studied over the past 12 months (Europe +9.0%, China +5.8%, Thailand +2.1%, Taiwan +1.5%, US +1.2%), but coal's share of the power mix fell in every one of them.
  2. 02The extra demand was absorbed mostly by renewables, not coal: China's solar output rose 137 TWh (+35.6%) versus thermal's +65 TWh (+1.2%), and US non-hydro renewables added 81 TWh versus coal's +6 TWh.
  3. 03Coal remains far cheaper than gas (38% in Europe, 187% in Asia per UBS), but a clear switch back to coal only shows up in Japan since the war began in March 2026.
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02/Writing

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